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Related posts were 4 text-only cards. They now carry the post's language-specific ogImage (/og/<slug>.jpg for EN, /og/zh-<slug>.jpg for ZH), so an English page never shows Chinese art. Grid is 3 across above 900px, 2 across below, and phones show the first 4 only; read-time is dropped under 600px so the date fits. Verified in the built HTML + headless Chrome at 1264/884/500px: 3/2/2 columns, 6/6/4 visible cards, no horizontal overflow, all six images decoded.
73 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
73 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
# SEO & Metadata Reference — blog.hoelee.com
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Operational reference for the SEO/GEO decisions baked into this project. Read when adding posts, changing `<head>` markup, or debugging search visibility.
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---
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## Two-lane strategy (2026)
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Optimize for **both**:
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1. **Classic SEO** — Google blue links (still the majority of name searches).
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2. **GEO (Generative Engine Optimization)** — getting cited by Google AI Overviews, ChatGPT Search, Perplexity. They pull from well-structured, question-answering content.
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---
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## Identity & E-E-A-T (do this first, once)
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The entire blog strategy is a **name-search play**, so identity must be airtight:
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- **One name everywhere:** "Lee Teong Hoe" / "Mr Hoelee" — pick one and keep it identical on blog, LinkedIn, GitHub, git.hoelee.com.
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- **One photo** across all profiles.
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- **`sameAs` handles** in the `Person`/`ProfilePage` schema → LinkedIn, GitHub, git.hoelee.com.
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- **`ProfilePage` schema** wrapping every post's author bio — how Google connects my writing to my professional identity.
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---
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## Per-post checklist
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- [ ] Unique title ≤ 60 chars (target keyword near front)
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- [ ] Meta description ≤ 155 chars
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- [ ] Canonical URL set
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- [ ] Custom `og:image` (1200×630) — **never** the reused logo
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- [ ] `og:image:width/height` declared (else WhatsApp/Telegram/LinkedIn reject the preview)
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- [ ] `twitter:card: summary_large_image`
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- [ ] Category + tags set
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- [ ] Author card present
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- [ ] Internal links to ≥1 pillar post
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---
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## Structural checklist (site-wide)
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- [ ] `sitemap.xml` + `robots.txt` + RSS — auto-generated by Astro
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- [ ] Core Web Vitals 90+ (verify Lighthouse on 390px **and** 1280px)
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- [ ] Question-shaped H2/H3 (the phrasing a learner actually searches)
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- [ ] Related-posts module (6 cards) on every post
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- [ ] No orphaned/thin pages (avoid the hoelee.com ~400-attachment mistake)
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### Crawler / sitemap mechanics (as built)
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- `robots.txt` is a **build-time endpoint** (`src/pages/robots.txt.ts`), not a static file in `public/`. It interpolates `SITE.url` so the `Sitemap:` line can't drift. **Keep it pure ASCII** — the response has no charset, so a non-ASCII byte renders as mojibake (`鈥�`) in viewers that fall back to a legacy codepage. Check: `LC_ALL=C grep -c '[^ -~]' dist/robots.txt` must be `0`.
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- Policy is **allow-all**, including AI *training* crawlers. Rationale: `robots.txt` is advisory and unenforced (Cloudflare documents it as voluntarily honoured), so a blocklist there buys nothing; enforcement, if ever wanted, belongs in Cloudflare AI Crawl Control. `/pagefind/` is the only exclusion (build artifacts, not content).
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- **Why a real robots.txt matters at all:** writing one turned Cloudflare's *Content Signals Policy* placeholder from a **replacement** into a **prepend**. On a Free-plan zone with no origin `robots.txt`, Cloudflare serves that placeholder *in place of* your file — a comment block with no `User-agent`, no directives and no `Sitemap:` line. Confirm the origin is serving yours before blaming Astro.
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- Sitemap `lastmod` + `xhtml:link` hreflang alternates are **derived**, never authored — see the rule in the project skill. `sitemap-index.xml` legitimately contains exactly one entry (`sitemap-0.xml`) and looks empty in a viewer; the URLs are in `sitemap-0.xml` (77 of them at 29 posts). Don't "fix" the index.
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- hreflang exists in **two places on purpose**: in-page `<link rel="alternate">` (from `BaseLayout`'s `altLocaleUrl`) and sitemap `xhtml:link`. Google treats the sitemap as more authoritative when they disagree, so both must be kept in sync — which is automatic for posts and for any page that passes `altLocaleUrl`.
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---
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## Syndication policy
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- Primary home = **this domain** (own the SEO).
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- **Cross-post to Dev.to / Medium** with a `rel=canonical` pointing back to blog.hoelee.com — reach without platform lock-in.
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- Never make a third-party platform the primary host.
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---
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## The "hard job → post" GEO framing
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When writing, phrase the opening as the exact question someone types into an AI engine or Google:
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> "How do I set up site-to-site OpenVPN behind CGNAT?"
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Then answer it directly with clear H2/H3 headings. This is what both Google and the AI engines cite.
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