TUN-9016: update go to 1.24

## Summary

Update several moving parts of cloudflared build system:

* use goboring 1.24.2 in cfsetup
* update linter and fix lint issues
* update packages namely **quic-go and net**
* install script for macos
* update docker files to use go 1.24.1
* remove usage of cloudflare-go
* pin golang linter

Closes TUN-9016

.teamcity/mac/install-cloudflare-go.sh

@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ rm -rf $GOCACHE
 export PATH="/tmp/go/bin:$PATH"
 go version
 which go
-go env
+go env

.teamcity/mac/install-go.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+rm -rf /tmp/go
+export GOCACHE=/tmp/gocache
+rm -rf $GOCACHE
+
+brew install go@1.24
+
+go version
+which go
+go env
+

.teamcity/windows/component-test.ps1

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Write-Output "Running unit tests"
 
 # Not testing with race detector because of https://github.com/golang/go/issues/61058
 # We already test it on other platforms
-& go test -failfast -mod=vendor ./...
+go test -failfast -v -mod=vendor ./...
 if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "Failed unit tests" }
 
 Write-Output "Running component tests"
@@ -44,4 +44,4 @@ if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
     python component-tests/setup.py --type cleanup
     throw "Failed component tests"
 }
-python component-tests/setup.py --type cleanup
+python component-tests/setup.py --type cleanup